For decades, scientists have used animals to study diseases, test medicines, and understand how treatments may affect the human body. Animal research has played an important role in medical science, but it also has limitations. A medicine that works safely in an animal does not always behave in exactly the same way in humans. Researchers are finding new ways to study the human body without relying just on animals. Two popular methods are 3D bioprinting and miniature lab-grown organs (organoids). The basic idea is quite interesting. Instead of testing every new medicine on an animal first, scientists can create tiny…