Imagine a situation where electricity demand suddenly increases across a city. Millions of homes switch on air conditioners, fans, lights, and other appliances at almost the same time. At that moment, the power system needs to supply more electricity without delay. Now imagine the opposite situation. Solar power plants are producing a lot of electricity during the afternoon, but demand is not high enough to use all of it. This is where pumped storage power plants can play an important role. A pumped storage plant works like a giant rechargeable battery. It stores energy when electricity is available and releases…